# Explore the Mandelbrot Set in real time with Numba **URL:** \ **Category:** Showcase\ **Created:** [December 28, 2021, 2:39am UTC](https://numba.discourse.group/t/explore-the-mandelbrot-set-in-real-time-with-numba/1103 "2021-12-28T02:39:41Z")\ **Posts on this page:** 5\ **Page:** 1
**Author:** ![marioroy](https://avatars.discourse-cdn.com/v4/letter/m/74df32/32.png) [@marioroy](https://numba.discourse.group/u/marioroy)\ **Post date:** [December 28, 2021, 2:39am UTC](https://numba.discourse.group/t/explore-the-mandelbrot-set-in-real-time-with-numba/1103/1 "2021-12-28T02:39:41Z")
Recently, I ventured into Python and decided to make a project while learning. The theme is parallelization which is my passion. So, what better way to consume CPU cores than to explore the Mandelbrot Set in real time. > **[GitHub - marioroy/mandelbrot-python: Explore the Mandelbrot Set using Python,...](https://github.com/marioroy/mandelbrot-python)** > > Explore the Mandelbrot Set using Python, Numba, PyCUDA, and PyOpenCL. - GitHub - marioroy/mandelbrot-python: Explore the Mandelbrot Set using Python, Numba, PyCUDA, and PyOpenCL. What’s exciting about this project is Numba, which JITs Python code to C-like performance. Not only did I benchmark Numba 0.54.1, but also the autochunk branch at Intel Labs. The test system is a Linux box with an AMD Threadripper 3970X CPU. **JIT compilation disabled entirely** The captured time is the time taken to display the initial screen. ```nohighlight $ NUMBA_DISABLE_JIT=1 \ py38 mandel_queue.py --width=1280 --height=720 --num-threads=N N time in seconds 32 : 8.7 16 : 15.9 8 : 31.1 4 : 63.1 2 : 119.8 ``` **Commenting out `@njit` in `app/mandel_for.py`** For this, I wanted to see how long Python takes to display the initial screen without Numba. ```nohighlight $ py38 mandel_queue.py --width=1280 --height=720 --num-threads=N N time in seconds 32 : 5.6 16 : 9.9 8 : 20.1 4 : 39.3 2 : 75.1 ``` **At last, Numba** I unset the `NUMBA_DISABLE` environment variable and uncommented `@njit` in `app/mandel_for.py`. Like before, this is the time taken to display the initial screen. Here is proof to what a difference Numba can make for your application. ```nohighlight $ py38 mandel_queue.py --width=1280 --height=720 --num-threads=N N time in seconds 32 : 0.014 16 : 0.014 8 : 0.022 4 : 0.039 2 : 0.076 ``` **Running Parallel, Auto Zoom Results** Press the letter `x` to begin the auto zoom session. The app will zoom beyond 200 levels. The captured time is the benchmark duration. Python 3.7 is using Numba from the autochunk branch. Python 3.8 is using Numba 0.54.1. ```nohighlight $ py37 mandel_parfor.py --width=1280 --height=720 --num-threads=N $ py38 mandel_parfor.py --width=1280 --height=720 --num-threads=N $ py38 mandel_stream.py --width=1280 --height=720 --num-threads=N $ py38 mandel_queue.py --width=1280 --height=720 --num-threads=N $ py38 mandel_ocl.py --width=1280 --height=720 --num-threads=N N time in seconds 62 : 4.311 parfor autochunk 62 : 4.503 stream 62 : 4.504 opencl 62 : 4.882 queue 62 : 5.214 parfor 0.54.1 32 : 6.082 parfor autochunk 32 : 6.144 stream 32 : 6.322 queue 32 : 8.176 parfor 0.54.1 16 : 10.483 parfor autochunk 16 : 10.558 stream 16 : 11.084 queue 16 : 13.710 parfor 0.54.1 8 : 19.556 parfor autochunk 8 : 19.532 stream 8 : 19.641 queue 8 : 23.684 parfor 0.54.1 4 : 39.045 parfor autochunk 4 : 39.343 stream 4 : 39.380 queue 4 : 44.098 parfor 0.54.1 2 : 72.232 stream 2 : 73.454 queue 2 : 76.724 parfor autochunk 2 : 76.758 parfor 0.54.1 ``` ---
**Author:** ![marioroy](https://avatars.discourse-cdn.com/v4/letter/m/74df32/32.png) [@marioroy](https://numba.discourse.group/u/marioroy)\ **Post date:** [December 28, 2021, 2:53am UTC](https://numba.discourse.group/t/explore-the-mandelbrot-set-in-real-time-with-numba/1103/2 "2021-12-28T02:53:22Z")
Below are the complementary results from a NVIDIA Geforce 2070 RTX GPU running the same auto zoom session. Press the letter `x` after the initial display. Although Numba isn’t used for the GPU demonstrations, the results may be useful one day for comparing against `@cuda.jit`. ```nohighlight $ py38 mandel_{cuda,ocl}.py --width=1280 --height=720 $ py38 mandel_{cuda,ocl}.py --width=1280 --height=720 --mixed-prec=1 $ py38 mandel_{cuda,ocl}.py --width=1280 --height=720 --mixed-prec=2 $ py38 mandel_{cuda,ocl}.py --width=1280 --height=720 --mixed-prec=2 --fma=1 time in seconds 9.0 CUDA 8.4 CUDA mixed-prec=1 7.1 CUDA mixed-prec=2 6.3 CUDA mixed-prec=2 fma=1 9.4 OpenCL 8.8 OpenCL mixed-prec=1 7.5 OpenCL mixed-prec=2 6.7 OpenCL mixed-prec=2 fma=1 ``` ---
**Author:** ![DrTodd13](https://yyz2.discourse-cdn.com/free1/user_avatar/numba.discourse.group/drtodd13/32/51_2.png) [@DrTodd13](https://numba.discourse.group/u/DrTodd13)\ **Post date:** [December 29, 2021, 11:33pm UTC](https://numba.discourse.group/t/explore-the-mandelbrot-set-in-real-time-with-numba/1103/3 "2021-12-29T23:33:36Z")
Very interesting work. Thank you for posting! The plan is for the autochunk PR to be merged into Numba mainline in the next few weeks. ---
**Author:** ![marioroy](https://avatars.discourse-cdn.com/v4/letter/m/74df32/32.png) [@marioroy](https://numba.discourse.group/u/marioroy)\ **Post date:** [January 8, 2022, 2:51pm UTC](https://numba.discourse.group/t/explore-the-mandelbrot-set-in-real-time-with-numba/1103/4 "2022-01-08T14:51:50Z")
That’s great news, thank you! Congrats on the autochunk branch and look forward to it. I added a cuda.jit demonstration named `mandel_kernel.py` as `mandel_cuda.py` is taken using PyCUDA. ---
**Author:** ![marioroy](https://avatars.discourse-cdn.com/v4/letter/m/74df32/32.png) [@marioroy](https://numba.discourse.group/u/marioroy)\ **Post date:** [January 11, 2022, 11:29am UTC](https://numba.discourse.group/t/explore-the-mandelbrot-set-in-real-time-with-numba/1103/5 "2022-01-11T11:29:19Z")
The repo has a `demo` folding consisting of non-parallel demonstrations for computing the Mandelbrot Set, apply Anti-Aliasing, Gaussian Blur, and Unsharp Mask via a step-by-step approach. > **[mandelbrot-python/demo at main · marioroy/mandelbrot-python](https://github.com/marioroy/mandelbrot-python/tree/main/demo)** > > main/demo